Class 10 Civics Power Sharing
In this chapter, we are going to study power-sharing, such as what is power-sharing, why do we need it, why power sharing is necessary.
We also study different forms of power-sharing, such as the federal government.
In this chapter, we read about the governments of Sri Lanka and Belgium.
Notes of Civics Chapter 1 Power Sharing
1. Majoritarianism In Sri Lanka
In Sri Lanka, the community of Sinhala speaking people
with thier majority reconginised Sinhala as the official language of Sri Lanka.
The government adopted majoritarianism.
This results in protests by the tamil speaking minority.
It soon turned in civil war in which thousands of people were killed from both
the communities.
- Majoritarianism = It is a type of belief or ideology of people that the majority commonity should rule and do whatever it wants by diregarding the wishes of the minority.
- Civil War = It is a violent conflict between two communities of the same country which becomes so itense, so it appears like a war.
2. Accommodation in Belgium
Bellgium is a small country in Europe.
In Belgium, the minority of french speaking
community(40%) was rich and powerful compared to the majority of Dutch
community(59%).
In belgium, unlike sri lanka, the majority of dutch
speaking community, amended the constitution (between 1972 and 1993) several
times to maintain peice in thier country.
- Ethnic = A social division based on similar cultures and beliefs. They need not have the same religion or nationality.
3. Why Power Sharing Is Nessesary?
It is Nessesary because it helps to reduce the
possibilities of conflict between two communities. It is because social
conflicts can cause a lot of problems like what civil war did in Sri lanka.
Power sharing is the very spirit of democracy. A
democratic rule involves sharning of power with those who have to live with its
effects and with those who affected by its exercise.
- Prudential = Based on careful calculations of gains and loses. Peudential decisions are based on moral consideration.
4. Forms of Power Sharing
In modern democracy, there are various types of power
sharing.
(i) Power can be shared between different organs of government
such as legislature, executive and judiciary. It is known as horizontal
distribution.
(ii) Power can be shared among different tiers of
government such as central government for the country and other governments at
state and regional levels. It is known as a federal government.
(iii) Power can also be shared among religious and
linguistic groups. For example commnity government in Belgium.
(iv) Power can also be shared among political parties,
pressure goups and movements which influence those in power.
Conclusion
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